idnaparse

An IDNA-aware DNS-name lint and reporter. Reads presentation-form domain names from stdin (one per line) and emits one JSON record per name on stdout.

Useful for sweeping a zone file or registrar feed for IDNA conformance, summarising the label kinds present in a corpus, or as a parsing front end for ad-hoc DNS-name analysis pipelines.

Built on the idna2008 library; was previously bundled with dnsbase and is now a standalone project so it can be used without pulling in the broader DNS-message machinery.

Quick start

$ cabal install idnaparse

$ printf '%s\n' 'www.example.com' 'müllers.example.de' '_25._tcp.example' |
  idnaparse --summary | jq
{
  "input": {
    "text": "www.example.com",
    "forms": [
      "LDH",
      "LDH",
      "LDH"
    ]
  },
  "presentation": "www.example.com",
  "output": {
    "text": "www.example.com",
    "forms": [
      "LDH",
      "LDH",
      "LDH"
    ]
  }
}
{
  "input": {
    "text": "müllers.example.de",
    "forms": [
      "ULABEL",
      "LDH",
      "LDH"
    ]
  },
  "presentation": "xn--mllers-kva.example.de",
  "output": {
    "text": "müllers.example.de",
    "forms": [
      "ULABEL",
      "LDH",
      "LDH"
    ]
  }
}
{
  "input": {
    "text": "_25._tcp.example",
    "forms": [
      "ATTRLEAF",
      "ATTRLEAF",
      "LDH"
    ]
  },
  "presentation": "_25._tcp.example",
  "output": {
    "text": "_25._tcp.example",
    "forms": [
      "ATTRLEAF",
      "ATTRLEAF",
      "LDH"
    ]
  }
}
{
  "summary": {
    "ok": 3,
    "fail": 0,
    "discard": {
      "overlong": 0,
      "badutf8": 0
    },
    "forms": {
      "ATTRLEAF": 1,
      "LDH": 3,
      "ULABEL": 1
    },
    "reasons": {}
  }
}

Output schema

Success rows

{ "input"        : { "text": "...", "forms": ["...", ...] },
  "presentation" : "...",                  // canonical RFC 1035 form
  "output"       : { "text": "...", "forms": ["...", ...] },
  "fakes"        : [{...}]                 // present iff a FAKEA label appeared
}

input.forms is the parser's per-label classification; output.forms is the unparser's. With validation enabled (the default), an ALABEL in output.forms signals BIDI-driven ASCII fallback: the label would have decoded to Unicode if the cross-label rules had allowed it.

When input mappings are enabled (e.g. --opts +map-width), the parser's classification reflects the post-mapping label, not the raw input bytes. A label written in fullwidth Latin letters (０-９Ａ-Ｚａ-ｚ) maps to plain ASCII and classifies as LDH, even though the input bytes were non-ASCII. This is by design: the mappings exist to correct input-method artefacts that produce non-ASCII representations of what the user meant to type as ASCII. It does mean input.forms may not be a faithful record of "did the input have non-ASCII bytes" when mappings are active; if you need that distinction, inspect input.text directly (or don't enable "width" mappings).

Failure rows

Two shapes, depending on where the failure happens:

// Parse failure -- the input text did not parse.
{ "input": { "text": "...",
             "error": { "reason": "...", ... } } }

// Unparse failure -- the input parsed but the wire form could not be
// rendered under the given options (e.g. cross-label Bidi without
// ascii-fallback, or an admitted form set whose output classification
// is not also admitted).
{ "input"        : { "text": "...", "forms": ["...", ...] },
  "presentation" : "...",
  "output"       : { "error": { "reason": "...", ... } },
  "fakes"        : [{...}] }                  // present iff a FAKEA label appeared

The error object carries the standard set of optional fields (label, cp, length, form, rule).

Overlong input lines and ill-formed UTF-8 produce no row; they are counted in the optional summary.

Configuration

--forms FORMS permitted label-form tokens (e.g. host, +attrleaf, idn,wildlabel). See --explain-forms for the full vocabulary.

--opts OPTS IDNA option tokens (e.g. default, +emoji-ok, map,bidi-check). See --explain-opts for the full vocabulary.

--summary emit a trailing summary record with per-class and per-error counters.

--no-rows suppress per-row records (combine with --summary when only aggregate output is wanted).

Status

Initial release (1.0.0.0).

License

BSD-3-Clause.