S = { 0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 2 π , 0 ≤ θ ≤ π , 0 ≤ ρ ≤ R } V o l u m e = ∭ S ρ 2 sin θ d ρ d θ d ϕ = ∫ 0 2 π d ϕ ∫ 0 π sin θ d θ ∫ 0 R ρ 2 d ρ = ϕ | 0 2 π ( − cos θ ) | 0 π 1 3 ρ 3 | 0 R = 2 π × 2 × 1 3 R 3 = 4 3 π R 3