duplicates :: [Int] -> [Int]
-- testing 6 combinations of argument values
-- pruning with 21/26 rules
-- 2 candidates of size 1
-- 0 candidates of size 2
-- 0 candidates of size 3
-- 0 candidates of size 4
-- 1 candidates of size 5
-- 0 candidates of size 6
-- 1 candidates of size 7
-- 6 candidates of size 8
-- 5 candidates of size 9
-- 22 candidates of size 10
-- 15 candidates of size 11
-- 48 candidates of size 12
-- 93 candidates of size 13
-- 188 candidates of size 14
-- 505 candidates of size 15
-- 706 candidates of size 16
-- 1723 candidates of size 17
-- tested 1705 candidates
duplicates []  =  []
duplicates (x:xs)  =  if elem x xs && not (elem x (duplicates xs))
                      then x:duplicates xs
                      else duplicates xs

duplicates :: [Int] -> [Int]
-- pruning with 21/26 rules
-- 2 candidates of size 1
-- 1 candidates of size 2
-- 0 candidates of size 3
-- 2 candidates of size 4
-- 1 candidates of size 5
-- 2 candidates of size 6
-- 3 candidates of size 7
-- 8 candidates of size 8
-- 15 candidates of size 9
-- 24 candidates of size 10
-- 35 candidates of size 11
-- 62 candidates of size 12
-- 129 candidates of size 13
-- 282 candidates of size 14
-- 559 candidates of size 15
-- 1036 candidates of size 16
-- 1899 candidates of size 17
-- tested 2274 candidates
duplicates []  =  []
duplicates (x:xs)  =  if elem x xs && not (elem x (duplicates xs))
                      then x:duplicates xs
                      else duplicates xs

positionsFrom :: Int -> A -> [A] -> [Int]
-- testing 360 combinations of argument values
-- pruning with 5/10 rules
-- 1 candidates of size 1
-- 0 candidates of size 2
-- 2 candidates of size 3
-- 0 candidates of size 4
-- 7 candidates of size 5
-- 0 candidates of size 6
-- 34 candidates of size 7
-- 0 candidates of size 8
-- 133 candidates of size 9
-- 0 candidates of size 10
-- 510 candidates of size 11
-- 16 candidates of size 12
-- 1947 candidates of size 13
-- 104 candidates of size 14
-- tested 2653 candidates
positionsFrom x y []  =  []
positionsFrom x y (z:xs)  =  (if y == z then (x :) else id) (positionsFrom (x + 1) y xs)